Between 20, eight of those farms sold close to 5,800 cattle to 23 slaughterhouses - including one owned by the second-largest beef processor in the world, Marfrig.Д«aixГЈo Verde wasnвЂ™t MarfrigвЂ™s only illicit source of cattle.

But in 2018, transport permits show nearly 700 head left the ranch for 10 others, all of them outside the protected reserve. вЂњThe farmers and loggers wanted to kill me,вЂќ he told Brazilian magazine piauГ.Д«ecause BaixГЈo Verde is an illegal farm, cattle raised there should be barred from entering the international supply chain. Mobu Odo Arara, a chief of one group, said that at one point tensions became so heated that he needed a police escort to travel the area. In 2020, more land was cleared in Cachoeira Seca than in any other indigenous territory in the Amazon, according to BrazilвЂ™s space agency, which monitors deforestation.Д«razilвЂ™s Federal Public Ministry, which is similar to a public prosecutorвЂ™s office, has warned that the encroachment of land grabbers in Cachoeira Seca threatens the Arara indigenous people who live there. But the move has done little to stop farmers from deforesting vast swathes of its rainforest. On paper, the farm should not exist: In 2016, Brazil designated the area, known as Cachoeira Seca do Iriri, as an indigenous reserve. The vast cattle pastures of the BaixГЈo Verde farm cut like a brown scar through 700 hectares of protected Amazon rainforest in BrazilвЂ™s northern ParГЎ state, the most deforested in all of the country. Despite attempts to regulate BrazilвЂ™s meat industry, experts estimate that 90 percent of deforestation in the Amazon rainforest is driven by cattle ranching.A subsidiary of EuropeвЂ™s biggest meat processor, Danish Crown, also bought beef that appears to have originated on a ranch in protected rainforest.Most were transferred to legal farms that supplied over 100 slaughterhouses around the country, including facilities owned by two of the worldвЂ™s largest meat companies, JBS and Marfrig.Between 20, more than 90,000 cattle that were raised on illegally grabbed land in ParГЎ state made their way into BrazilвЂ™s beef supply chain, a new investigation has found.To join Alta вЂ™s California Book Club conversation with Johnson on August 19, click here. The critical reception of Elsewhere, California centered on AveryвЂ™s path to self-discovery, as well as the implications of art-making not only in identity formation but also in the nature of literature at large: What is the purpose of art? How does art-making help us become better people, both for ourselves and for one another? To use her art to call into question the cultural definitiveness of items and images.вЂќ It is an adept literary connective tissue that Michelle Bailat-Jones, in her review of the novel, also drew attention to, particularly as it pertains to the power of art-making she wrote, вЂњAs a person who has stood upon the thresholds of those swinging doors between cultures, as a person who kept the words from one and learned the words from the other, Avery is perfectly poised to act as a double-sided mirror.

George was also keen to point out the extended metaphor of AveryвЂ™s occupation with painting and the novelвЂ™s attention to the depths of memory. Lynell George, author of A Handful of Earth, A Handful of Sky, wrote: вЂњDana JohnsonвЂ™s first novel, Elsewhere, California, explores the space between reinvention and ruin-the freighted pause waiting for resolution.вЂќ That argument bore a measure of similarity to Theo Schell-LambertвЂ™s remark on JohnsonвЂ™s treatment of childhood: вЂњJohnson performs the undigested feel of youth, the way its sensations outpace processing.вЂќ For George, in mapping вЂњthe exterior land-of-opportunity-story arcвЂќ and вЂњthe interior struggle toward a newly framed identity,вЂќ Johnson went вЂњdeep into territory often simplified or sidestepped entirely,вЂќ thereby layering вЂњthe scraps of mismatched experiences that make up AveryвЂ™s messy steps to self-hood.вЂќ And the overwhelming critical response aligned with this assessment. The novel is deeply affecting, offering a nuanced portrait of a woman trying to make sense of her world after donning so many different and disparate masks. As Avery comes of age, she negotiates the many social, racial, and cultural contracts of her environments, as well as the meaning of her and her cousin KeithвЂ™s divergent life trajectories.

With the help of a hypnotherapist, Avery unravels the source of her discontent, which dates to her early childhood, when she and her family moved to the suburbs of West Covina to avoid street violence in South Los Angeles. Published in 2012, DanaвЂ™s JohnsonвЂ™s Elsewhere, California-which Alta JournalвЂ™s California Book Club will discuss at its August 19 gathering-was the highly anticipated follow-up to her 2001 debut story collection, Break Any Woman Down, where we were first introduced to Avery Arlington, the 40-year-old Black artist at the center of JohnsonвЂ™s novel.

In the land of elsewhere